Interview with Polish newspaper “Krytyka Polityczna”

Polish newspaper “Krytyka Polityczna” has recently published an in-depth interview with our energy economist and consultant Rouven Stubbe. He discusses opportunities and challenges for Ukraine’s green post-war reconstruction, Ukraine’s potential role in a progressively decarbonising European economy and the future of German-Ukrainian energy cooperation.

Roundtable with Ukrainian Deputy Energy Minister on the strategic vision for Ukrainian Energy sector and pathways towards a green energy transition

Within the framework of the German-Ukrainian Energy Partnership, Low Carbon Ukraine and the German Energy Agency (dena) organized a closed-door roundtable on the 29th of March with Ukrainian Deputy Energy Minister Yaroslav Demchenkov and leading German and Ukrainian expert organisations on the recovery of the Ukrainian energy sector and pathways towards a green reconstruction. Ukraine’s

Keeping the lights on in times of grid outages. Solar PV panels, battery storage systems and diesel generators

Summary: Russia’s attacks on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure have caused significant electricity disruptions and outages. This policy briefing compares the economic case for installing solar PV panels, battery storage systems and diesel generators at a sample Ukrainian school. Through techno-economic modelling, the paper finds that under current conditions and a variety of tested scenarios, it is

Cafe Kyiv – We Choose Freedom

24 February 2023 marked the first anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. To mark this tragic day, the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung joined forces with partner organisations in an event that would temporarily transform Berlin‘s historic Cafe Moskau into Cafe Kyiv. “Cafe Kyiv – We Choose Freedom” was a one-day event featuring various discussion panels and workshops on

DW News – Live TV interview: Russian attacks on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure

Last week, our energy and climate expert Rouven Stubbe has been interviewed live on DW News, the global English-language news TV program of Deutsche Welle, on the topic of Russian attacks on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure. Rouven explained the extent of damages to the electricity grid, highlighted the urgency for additional air defence, generators, and grid

FAZ article

Russia is deliberately targeting Ukraine’s energy infrastructure. 40% of the power grid is said to have already been destroyed. The intention is to make Ukrainians war-weary and drive them to flee to the EU. Our energy economist and consultant Rouven Stubbe contributed to a recent FAZ analysis, providing context on the what the attacks mean

Interview with T-Online

Winter is coming and Russia is deliberately targeting power plants and supply lines in Ukraine. Rouven Stubbe, energy economist and expert on energy and climate policy in Ukraine at “Berlin Economics” discussed possible scenarios with T-Online, as well as possible courses of action for Germany and the EU to support Ukraine in this critical phase

Panel Discussion: Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction on October 19th, 2022

On October 19, the Low Carbon Ukraine team, Ecoaction, and DiXi Group jointly organised a panel discussion on the topic of “Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction”. Around 55 participants, incl. Yaroslav Demchenkov (Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine), Lisbeth Müller-Hofstede (Head of Cooperation at the German Embassy in Kyiv), additional government

Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction. Keynote presentation for the panel discussion on October 19th, 2022

This Policy Briefing is a short version of LCU’s Policy Proposal “Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction”, prepared as the keynote presentation to a panel discussion on October 19, jointly organised by the Low Carbon Ukraine team, Ecoaction, and DiXi Group. While there are important economic reasons for a green reconstruction of Ukraine’s electricity, heat,

Green reconstruction of Ukraine’s heat sector

On 23 September 2022, the Low Carbon Ukraine project participated in an online event co-organized by Ecoclub Rivne and the German Energy Agency (dena) on “District heating in Ukraine – why it is essential and how to preserve it”. Rouven Stubbe, consultant in the Low Carbon Ukraine project, presented LCU’s proposals on “Policy reforms supporting

Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction – Recommendations for the heat sector

This policy briefing is based on LCU’s Policy Proposal “Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction” and looks specifically at recommendations for policy reforms in Ukraine’s heat sector with a focus on district heat. While there are important economic reasons for a green reconstruction of Ukraine’s heat sector, substantial regulatory obstacles and disincentives need to be

Policy reforms supporting Ukraine’s green reconstruction

The post-war reconstruction of Ukraine will require massive investments in rebuilding her energy infrastructure. To ensure the country’s future competitiveness in a progressively decarbonising global economy, it is paramount to “build back better”. This paper outlines major challenges and regulatory obstacles to mobilising investments into low- or zero-carbon assets for the electricity, gas and district

Rouven Stubbe: Nuclear safety at the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant

Today, on August 29, 2022, LCU expert Rouven Stubbe spoke with radio station Bayern 2 regarding nuclear safety at the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, the risk of blackouts in southern Ukraine and the rest of Europe in case of a disconnection of the plant from Ukraine’s power grid, as well as the longer-term perspectives

Impact of the war in Ukraine on countries in Central Asia and Eastern Europe: Low Carbon Ukraine study for the OECD Green Action Task Force

A policy briefing has also been prepared on the basis of the policy paper: For the annual meeting of the OECD’S Green Action Task Force, we contributed a background study analysing the impact of the war in Ukraine on climate and energy policies in eight countries of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership and Central Asia:

Impact of the war in Ukraine on countries in Central Asia and Eastern Europe: LCU study for the OECD Green Action Task Force

For the annual meeting of the OECD’S Green Action Task Force, we contributed a background study analysing the impact of the war in Ukraine on climate and energy policies in eight countries of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership and Central Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. We find that: Globally, countries

OECD Annual Meeting of the GREEN Action Task Force

On 30 June 2022, the Low Carbon Ukraine team participated in the Annual meeting of the Green Task Force organized by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). For more than 20 years, the OECD has been supporting the countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) to green their economies through

Putting the green reconstruction of Ukraine into action: Requirements for programme design and policy

Low Carbon Ukraine, together with Centre for Environmental Initiatives “Ecoaction” and CEE Bankwatch, have organised a roundtable conference on May 31st. This roundtable brought together over 60 representatives from civil society and industry, as well as national and international experts, to discuss what green reconstruction means concretely in every sector, what barriers to a green

Ecoaction Event

On 23 June 2022, the Low Carbon Ukraine team participated in a discussion on the “War in Europe: Prospects for clean energy transition and Ukraine’s green post-war reconstruction”. The event was organised by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (ISSD), Ecoaction and other partner organisations. Participants shared their knowledge, experience, and ideas on the current

AHK Event

On 9th June 2022, the Low Carbon Ukraine team has participated at an event of AHK Ukraine on “Green Reconstruction of Ukraine: German outlook”. David Saha presented LCU’s policy briefing on “Economic Reasons for a Green Reconstruction of Ukraine” and discussed preliminary results from the industry session of LCU’s join roundtable conference with Ecoaction and

Economic reasons for a green reconstruction programme for Ukraine

On 09 June 2022, VoxUkraine published an article from David Saha, Pavel Bilek, Rouven Stubbe and Manuel von Mettenheim on “Economic reasons for a green reconstruction programme for Ukraine”. The article is based on the published in May 2022. Ukrainian infrastructure has suffered massive damage due to the Russian hostilities, with recent estimates putting the

LCU hosted green reconstruction roundtable with Ukrainian civil society

On 31 May, the Low Carbon Ukraine team, Ecoaction and Bankwatch jointly organised an online roundtable to discuss the options for a green reconstruction of Ukraine. Around 60 participants, incl. experts from non-governmental organizations, think tanks and international companies, took part in the roundtable. David Saha, Head of Energy and Climate at Berlin Economics, presented

Economic reasons for a green reconstruction programme for Ukraine

Ukraine faces massive reconstruction needs in the aftermath of the Russian invasion. A reconstruction programme should be focussed on low-carbon technologies taking into account the cost reduction of green technologies, Ukraine’s climate policy obligations and EU accession perspective, elevated global fossil energy prices and price volatility, as well as energy independence from Russia.

Ukraine’s power plant park: Optimal configuration in 2032 and investment needs in the transition phase

Ukraine’s electricity sector will play a salient role in decarbonising the economy. A cost-optimal configuration of the power plant park in 2032 implies a complete replacement of coal-fired power generation by renewables and gas turbines. In the transition phase, around EUR 1.5 bn per year will be necessary to finance those new generation technologies.

Investment needs for reaching the 2030 NDC targets: An explanatory note

Ukraine needs €47bn of additional investments to reach 2NDC emission targets. The €102bn figure often mentioned includes €55bn of regular investment unrelated to NDC. Ukraine’s investment need still is high, but not as high as often mentioned. Additionally, efforts must be undertaken to re-channel some of the €55bn into “green” projects. A carbon price would be a crucial instrument to achieve this.

Ukrenergo Adequacy Report – Evaluation of power plant park scenarios for 2032

In this Policy Evaluation, we aim to evaluate and compare Ukrenergo’s Adequacy Report with LCU calculations in terms of scenario building, carbon emissions, expansion of renewables and flexibility options for the electricity system by the year 2032. LCU and Ukrenergo envisage a similar development of the electricity system in the coming years. While the share

The Ukrainian Housing and Utilities Subsidy (HUS): Targeting and Coverage

Summary: The Housing and Utilities Subsidy (HUS) is a social transfer meant to assist low-income individuals in the payment of housing and communal services. However, and despite its heavy weight on the government budget, many poor households are not awarded the HUS (only 50% of poor households received the HUS in 2018, and only 28%

Implementing the National Emissions Reduction Plan (NERP): How should Ukraine’s power plant park look like in 2033?

Ukraine risks significantly falling behind on implementing the National Emission Reduction Plan (NERP), a binding obligation towards the Energy Community (EnC). A debate about a possible revision of the NERP has started in Ukraine but so far focuses on relaxing the requirements of the NERP, including the deadlines already extended especially for Ukraine.

Energy Modeling Workshop

On June 29th and 30th, 60 Ukrainian participants from academia, the government, private companies and public energy agencies joined Low Carbon Ukraine and the Kyiv School of Energy Policy for a workshop on energy and electricity system modeling.

Rouven Stubbe, Georg Zachmann: Towards a green modernisation programme for Ukraine

Ukraine recently committed to carbon neutrality in 2060 and signalled support for the European Green Deal aiming for net zero emissions by 2050. On the course of its decarbonisation and the country’s path towards the EU, it will need to adopt the stricter environmental rules and standards introduced by the Green Deal. At the same time, it will need to restructure its coal sector, which is heavily subsidised, loss-making and environmentally harmful.

Adequacy of the electricity system development implied in the NDC2-draft

Ukraine’s draft 2nd NDC (NDC2) envisions an economy-wide reduction of emissions from ca. 340 MtCO2eq in 2018 to ca. 290 MtCO2eq in 2030. It projects that the electricity sector will ensure roughly 45% of the total projected emission reductions from now until 2030.

Policy Event “Reaching Ukraine’s energy and climate targets”

Our policy event “Reaching Ukraine’s energy and climate targets”, organized together with the NGO “DixiGroup” in Kyiv, was a complete success. 240 participants attended the meeting, and another 200+ visitors watched the livestreams.

Low-Carbon Transport Policies for Ukraine

Greenhouse gas emissions from transport have been slightly increasing since the year 2000. With the right policies, Ukraine can further decrease transport emissions and reach its mid-and long-term climate goals.

Towards a decarbonisation of Ukraine’s steel sector

This paper considers the potential for decarbonizing Ukraine’s steel sector and gives policy recommendations that take into account the challenging international environment Ukraine’s steel sector finds itself in.

A socially sustainable coal phase-out in Ukraine

A coal phase-out is an inevitable step for Ukraine on its decarbonization path. This paper proposes accompanying measures for the phase-out, aimed at dampening its negative impact.

Reforming Ukraine’s electricity market

We assess the recent market development after the first year of market opening, and address a number of issues that we deem critical for ensuring the development of a stable, transparent and competitive market.

A revision of Ukraine’s Carbon Tax

Ukraine’s current carbon tax is too low to effectively reduce emissions. We propose a carbon tax of EUR 39/t CO2 and discuss the implications.

Financing options for “green” policy measures

This paper proposes tailor-made green financing schemes consisting of public and private funding. We elaborate on certain financial instruments typical for green measures such as green bonds.

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Jun-Dec 2020

Renewable electricity generation has reached record level. A decline in nuclear output could be observed in May 2020 that was not justified by technical or economic reasons, lower electricity demand or RES deployment.

NPP Analysis – May 2020

NPP electricity generation in May was significantly below the economic efficient level. This cannot be explained by Covid-related demand decrease or a high RES generation share.

Regulating Curtailment

Curtailing and compensating RES can be cheaper than taking up 100% of RES electricity through investment into conventional plant park or transmission.

Seven months of market opening – stocktaking

Frequent changes to the legal framework fail to address the structural problems. Loopholes undermine the market and speed up debts’ accumulation. Extended data transparency is an upside of the reform.

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Nov 2019 – Feb 2020

Progress of Ukraine’s 2050 Green Energy Transition Concept. Legislative amendments to the electricity market. FIT restructuring issues. Signing of gas transit deal. Regulatory framework on energy storage. Carbon taxation.

Recommendations on energy storage

Ukraine’s electricity market does not need state support for energy storage projects. It needs a properly working electricity market aligned with the EU 4th Energy Package to boost the flexibility of the grid.

Electricity for all

Basic technological & economic features of electricity markets (in EU countries). Challenges in market development: new forms of trading, sector coupling and digitalisation.

LCU Workshop on energy markets held in Kyiv

On December 14th, 2019, LCU experts gave an introduction into aspects of energy and climate policies to a group of experts and parliamentarians, most of them members of the energy committee of the Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada. The aim was to provide newly elected MPs with fundamental expertise on the complex topic of electricity markets, to discuss specific challenges of integrating renewable energy sources into Ukraine‘s energy system, and to look into challenges of coal phase-out in Ukraine.

Renewable Energy in Ukraine

Further RES expansion is needed to replace the ageing power plant fleet and to sustain energy security. To account for a higher variability in the system, different instruments can be utilized.

RES quotas for 2020 – 2024

Different sets of RES quotas are analyzed. In the best-case scenario, 3 GW wind & solar are built and RES quotas set at 1.6 GW, enabling a RES share above 20% in 2025.

CO2 taxation in Ukraine

Tax revenues from a potential upstream carbon tax in Ukraine of 27UAH/t CO2 are estimated between UAH 5.6 and 6.1 bln. Price increases from taxation are strongest for coal (+3.5%-4.3%).

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Aug-Nov 2019

Progress on gas TSO unbundling and certification, corporatisation and certification of Ukrenergo, licensing in upstream sector. Analysis and recommendations on ESU action plan implementation.

Limiting the cost of feed-in-tariff subsidies

Assessment of feed-in-tariff, related expenditures for RES, current scheme of financing, impact on state budget and electricity prices. Analysis of risks of retroactive change in support scheme.

Energy Strategy 2035: Lessons learnt from implementation

Assessment of the progress on the ESU 2035 action plan implementation, analysis of gaps, barriers and the lessons learned, providing recommendations on further improvement of the process.

Russian Ukrainian Electricity Trade

Increasing electricity imports from Russia can help to improve competition, reduce prices and reduce emissions. But it should be regulated to minimize adverse effects.

Developments on the electricity market Sep 2019

Market power remains strong and starts exploiting balancing market. Changes to PSO does not help the competition. Prices in the IPS start to drop as nuclear power ramps up production.

Aspects of RES-support in Ukraine

The Ukrainian electricity system can absorb fluctuations of higher RES shares and support a further expansion with RES auctions.

Limiting the cost of feed-in-tariff subsidies

The rising cost of RE support pushes electricity prices beyond affordable level in Ukraine. Yet the revision of the established FIT scheme should be carefully designed and consider potential risks.

The Benefits of RES Curtailment in Ukraine

Analysis of curtailment as a flexibility option in the short and long run, including mitigation of the ‘green-coal paradox’ and comparison with hardware solutions. Overview of curtailment experiences across the world.

Developments on the electricity market Jul-Aug 2019

Prices are stable as the market shows no signs of effective competition. Increase of import to the BEI does not affect prices. Price caps are higher than the estimated marginal costs of coal generators.

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Apr-Jul 2019

Progress on ensuring of the NEURC’s independance, unbundling and PSO on gas market, and launching the NECP development process. Key priorities in energy policy for the new administration.

The first two weeks of market opening

Ukraine has finally opened its electricity market despite many concerns. Prices are high, some market segments do not work properly, and the smaller BEI trading zone is under the reign of monopoly.

Challenges of the Electricity Market Reform

Analysis of implementation challenges related to wholesale market reform, in particular preparation, coordination, issues of market design, concentration and liquidity.

Debts in the Ukrainian Electricity System

Accumulated debt poses a major obstacle on the way towards a new electricity market. A solution to this problem needs to be found before the new market design is introduced.

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Feb-Apr 2019

Developments on the law introducing RES-e auctions, launch of daily balancing on gas market and Naftogaz issues. Deep dives into the issue of debts in the Ukrainian electricity system and progress with electricity market reform.

RES auctions in Ukraine Quota Sizing

25% of electricity generation can come from Renewables in 2035 when annually installing around 500MW, what seems realistically as of today.

Local curtailment charges for RES

The concentration of wind and solar plants in high-yield regions increases balancing needs and grid constraints. We recommend introducing a transparent curtailment charge mechanism.

Energy and Climate Targets – An Overview

Key messages: Multitude of energy & climate obligations must be coordinatedRES share surpasses unambitious targetsDiffering indicators in national strategies – risk to cause confusionProgress in energy intensity – but still a long way aheadEmission targets are not ambitious

The Draft Law on Renewable Energy Sources

Recommendations: Dynamically adjusting FIT based on project duration. Incentives for a smart & grid-friendly location selection. FIT reduction in 2019 to contain costs.

Stabilizing the support for renewables

Ukraine is about to adopt changes to the RE support law and introduce auction-based remuneration scheme. But is it not too late? Will the conservative changes to FIT help to contain the expensive boom?

Energy Strategy 2035. Implementation progress Nov 18 – Jan 19

Changes in the environmental taxes and related challenges, new PSO rules on the gas market and supply billing issues. Deep dive into the draft law on new RES support scheme (auctions) and introduction to Ukraine’s National Energy and Climate Plan.

Balancing of fluctuating renewable power sources

Based on a LCU’s Optimised Dispatch Model (ODM), we assess that the current Ukrainian power system can balance fluctuations of up to 15 GW of wind and solar (in-depth analysis).

Location selection and wind solar mix

Wind and solar installations should be distributed over the country. Policy should strive for an optimal mix of wind and solar installations in order to reduce system cost.